Tzafrir Barzilay is a senior lecturer of medieval history in the Department of History at Bar Ilan University. He is interested in the history of European minorities, the social implications of environmental and geographical factors, and religious movements in high and late medieval Europe. He is currently investigating religious and quotidian practices pertaining to water in Jewish and Christian life in medieval Europe. He is the author of of Poisoned Wells: Accusation, Persecution and Minorities in Medieval Europe, 1321-1422 (Philadelphia, 2022).